What is one effect of cumulative UV exposure over time?

Cumulative UV exposure over time leads to an increased risk of skin cancer. This is primarily due to the damage that UV rays can cause to the DNA in skin cells. The more frequently and intensely skin is exposed to UV radiation, whether from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds, the greater the likelihood of mutations developing in the skin cells. Over time, these mutations can accumulate and may lead to various forms of skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, which are associated with long-term UV exposure.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the well-established effects of prolonged UV exposure. While some may think UV exposure could improve skin elasticity or enhance moisture due to tanning, the reality is that it can lead to premature aging, dryness, and other skin issues. Therefore, the identified effect of increased skin cancer risk is supported by research and clinical findings regarding the consequences of cumulative UV exposure.